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Os Cantos Cíprios: traduções para o inglês do resumo de Proclo e de vários testemunhos e fragmentos
I. Resumo dos Cypria na Chrestomathia de Proclo, trad. por Gregory Nagy, 2000.
(página original em www.stoa.org)

Proclus' Summary of the Cypria, attributed to Stasinus of Cyprus

Zeus, together with Themis, plans the Trojan War. For Eris, while attending a feast of the gods at the wedding of Peleus, instigates a feud [neîkos] among Athena, Hera, and Aphrodite about beauty. They, by order of Zeus, are led by Hermes to Mount Ida for judgment by Alexandros. Alexandros judges for Aphrodite, encouraged by a promise of Helen in marriage. On the advice of Aphrodite, he has ships built. Helenos prophesies to him about what is going to happen. Aphrodite tells Aineias [Aeneas] to sail with him. Then Kassandra foretells the events of the future. When he gets to Lacedaemonia, Alexandros is entertained as a xénos [hóspede] by the sons of Tyndaros, and afterwards by Menelaos at Sparta. Alexandros gives Helen gifts during the feast. Menelaos sails off to Crete, telling Helen to provide proper hospitality for their xénoi [hóspedes] while he is away. Aphrodite brings Helen and Alexandros together. After their intercourse, they load up a great many valuables and sail away by night. Hera sends a storm down upon them. Landing at Sidon, Alexandros captures the city. They sail to Ilion. Alexandros marries Helen.

In the meantime, Kastor and Polydeukes are caught stealing the cattle of Idas and Lynkeus. Kastor is killed by Idas, but Idas and Lynkeus are killed by Polydeukes. And Zeus gives them both immortality on alternate days. Iris goes and tells Menelaos what has been happening at home. He returns and plans an expedition against Ilion with his brother. Menelaos goes to see Nestor. Nestor, in a digression, tells him the story of how Epopeus seduced and carried off the daughter of Lykos, and the story of Oidipous [Oedipus], and the madness of Herakles, and the story of Theseus and Ariadne. Then they go through Hellas and gather the leaders together. Odysseus pretends to be insane because he does not want to go to the war. But they find him out; on advice of Palamedes, they kidnap his son Telemakhos as a threat, thus forcing him to go. The leaders come together at Aulis to sacrifice. The happenings concerning the snake and the sparrows are described. Kalchas foretells the future events for them.

They put to sea and land at Teuthrania, and they mistake it for Ilion and destroy it. Telephos comes to its aid, and kills Thersandros, son of Polyneikes; but he himself is wounded by Achilles. As the Achaeans sail away from Mysia a storm comes on them and their ships are scattered. Achilles lands at Skyros and marries Deidameia, daughter of Lykomedes. Telephos, guided by an oracle, comes to Argos. Achilles heals him, in order that he become their guide for the voyage to Ilion. The expedition gathers at Aulis for the second time. Agamemnon kills a deer on the hunt and boasts that he surpasses even Artemis. The goddess gets mênis [ira] and holds them back from the voyage by sending them bad weather. But Kalchas explains the mênis [ira] of the goddess and tells them to sacrifice Iphigeneia to Artemis. They summon her as if for a marriage to Achilles and are about to sacrifice her. But Artemis snatches her away and carries her to Tauris and makes her immortal, meanwhile placing a deer on the altar instead of the girl.

Then they sail off to Tenedos. During a feast, Philoktetes is stung by a snake and because of the bad smell is left behind on Lemnos; and Achilles quarrels with Agamemnon because he was invited too late. Then when they disembark at Ilion, the Trojans prevent them and Protesilaos is killed by Hektor. Then Achilles turns them back and kills Kyknos, son of Poseidon. And they bring away the corpses and send an embassy to the Trojans, demanding Helen and the valuables. But since the Trojans do not comply, they besiege them at once. Going into the countryside, the Achaeans destroy the surrounding cities. After this Achilles longs to have a look at Helen and Aphrodite and Thetis arrange a place for them to meet. Then when the Achaeans are eager to return home, Achilles holds them back. He drives off the cattle of Aineias and destroys Lyrnessos and Pedasos and many of the surrounding cities and he kills Troilos. Patroklos takes Lykaon to Lemnos and sells him and from the ransom Achilles takes Briseis as his prize and Agamemnon, Chryseis. Then there is the death of Palamedes and Zeus' plan to relieve the Trojans by pulling Achilles out of the Achaean alliance and a catalogue of all those who fought together against the Trojans.

[The Iliad follows the Cypria.]

The Epic Cycle. Proclus. Gregory Nagy.

II. Resumo dos Cypria na Chrestomathia de Proclo, e de vários fragmentos com notas, trad. por H.G. Evelyn-White, 1914 (domínio público)

This (1) is continued by the epic called "Cypria" which is current is eleven books. Its contents are as follows.

Zeus plans with Themis to bring about the Trojan war. Strife arrives while the gods are feasting at the marriage of Peleus and
starts a dispute between Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite as to which of them is fairest. The three are led by Hermes at the command of Zeus to Alexandrus (2) on Mount Ida for his decision, and Alexandrus, lured by his promised marriage with Helen, decides in favour of Aphrodite.

Then Alexandrus builds his ships at Aphrodite's suggestion, and Helenus foretells the future to him, and Aphrodite order Aeneas
to sail with him, while Cassandra prophesies as to what will happen afterwards. Alexandrus next lands in Lacedaemon and is
entertained by the sons of Tyndareus, and afterwards by Menelaus in Sparta, where in the course of a feast he gives gifts to Helen.

After this, Menelaus sets sail for Crete, ordering Helen to furnish the guests with all they require until they depart. Meanwhile, Aphrodite brings Helen and Alexandrus together, and they, after their union, put very great treasures on board and sail away by night. Hera stirs up a storm against them and they are carried to Sidon, where Alexandrus takes the city. From there he sailed to Troy and celebrated his marriage with Helen.

In the meantime Castor and Polydeuces, while stealing the cattle of Idas and Lynceus, were caught in the act, and Castor was
killed by Idas, and Lynceus and Idas by Polydeuces. Zeus gave them immortality every other day.

Iris next informs Menelaus of what has happened at his home.  Menelaus returns and plans an expedition against Ilium with his brother, and then goes on to Nestor. Nestor in a digression tells him how Epopeus was utterly destroyed after seducing the daughter of Lycus, and the story of Oedipus, the madness of Heracles, and the story of Theseus and Ariadne. Then they travel over Hellas and gather the leaders, detecting Odysseus when he pretends to be mad, not wishing to join the expedition, by seizing his son Telemachus for punishment at the suggestion of Palamedes.

All the leaders then meet together at Aulis and sacrifice. The incident of the serpent and the sparrows (2) takes place before them, and Calchas foretells what is going to befall. After this, they put out to sea, and reach Teuthrania and sack it, taking it for Ilium. Telephus comes out to the rescue and kills  Thersander and son of Polyneices, and is himself wounded by
Achilles. As they put out from Mysia a storm comes on them and scatters them, and Achilles first puts in at Scyros and married
Deidameia, the daughter of Lycomedes, and then heals Telephus, who had been led by an oracle to go to Argos, so that he might be their guide on the voyage to Ilium.

When the expedition had mustered a second time at Aulis, Agamemnon, while at the chase, shot a stag and boasted that he surpassed even Artemis. At this the goddess was so angry that she sent stormy winds and prevented them from sailing. Calchas then told them of the anger of the goddess and bade them sacrifice Iphigeneia to Artemis. This they attempt to do, sending to fetch Iphigeneia as though for marriage with Achilles.

Artemis, however, snatched her away and transported her to the Tauri, making her immortal, and putting a stag in place of the girl upon the altar.

Next they sail as far as Tenedos: and while they are feasting, Philoctetes is bitten by a snake and is left behind in Lemnos because of the stench of his sore. Here, too, Achilles quarrels with Agamemnon because he is invited late. Then the Greeks tried
to land at Ilium, but the Trojans prevent them, and Protesilaus is killed by Hector. Achilles then kills Cycnus, the son of Poseidon, and drives the Trojans back. The Greeks take up their dead and send envoys to the Trojans demanding the surrender of Helen and the treasure with her. The Trojans refusing, they first assault the city, and then go out and lay waste the country
and cities round about. After this, Achilles desires to see Helen, and Aphrodite and Thetis contrive a meeting between them.
The Achaeans next desire to return home, but are restrained by Achilles, who afterwards drives off the cattle of Aeneas, and
sacks Lyrnessus and Pedasus and many of the neighbouring cities, and kills Troilus. Patroclus carries away Lycaon to Lemnos and sells him as a slave, and out of the spoils Achilles receives Briseis as a prize, and Agamemnon Chryseis. Then follows the
death of Palamedes, the plan of Zeus to relieve the Trojans by detaching Achilles from the Hellenic confederacy, and a catalogue
of the Trojan allies.

Fragmentos encontrados em outros autores

Fragmento #2 -- Tzetzes, Chil. xiii. 638
Stasinus composed the "Cypria" which the more part say was
Homer's work and by him given to Stasinus as a dowry with money
besides.

Fragmento #3 -- Scholiast on Homer, Il. i. 5:
`There was a time when the countless tribes of men, though wide-
dispersed, oppressed the surface of the deep-bosomed earth, and
Zeus saw it and had pity and in his wise heart resolved to
relieve the all-nurturing earth of men by causing the great
struggle of the Ilian war, that the load of death might empty the
world. And so the heroes were slain in Troy, and the plan of
Zeus came to pass.'

Fragmento #4 -- Volumina Herculan, II. viii. 105:
The author of the "Cypria" says that Thetis, to please Hera,
avoided union with Zeus, at which he was enraged and swore that
she should be the wife of a mortal.

Fragmento #5 -- Scholiast on Homer, Il. xvii. 140:
For at the marriage of Peleus and Thetis, the gods gathered
together on Pelion to feast and brought Peleus gifts. Cheiron
gave him a stout ashen shaft which he had cut for a spear, and
Athena, it is said, polished it, and Hephaestus fitted it with a
head. The story is given by the author of the "Cypria".

Fragmento #6 -- Athenaeus, xv. 682 D, F:
The author of the "Cypria", whether Hegesias or Stasinus,
mentions flowers used for garlands. The poet, whoever he was,
writes as follows in his first book:

(ll. 1-7) `She clothed herself with garments which the Graces and
Hours had made for her and dyed in flowers of spring -- such
flowers as the Seasons wear -- in crocus and hyacinth and
flourishing violet and the rose's lovely bloom, so sweet and
delicious, and heavenly buds, the flowers of the narcissus and
lily. In such perfumed garments is Aphrodite clothed at all
seasons.

((há uma lacuna no texto))

(ll. 8-12) Then laughter-loving Aphrodite and her handmaidens
wove sweet-smelling crowns of flowers of the earth and put them
upon their heads -- the bright-coiffed goddesses, the Nymphs and
Graces, and golden Aphrodite too, while they sang sweetly on the
mount of many-fountained Ida.'

Fragmento #7 -- Clement of Alexandria, Protrept ii. 30. 5:
`Castor was mortal, and the fate of death was destined for him;
but Polydeuces, scion of Ares, was immortal.'

Fragmento #8 -- Athenaeus, viii. 334 B:
`And after them she bare a third child, Helen, a marvel to men.
Rich-tressed Nemesis once gave her birth when she had been joined
in love with Zeus the king of the gods by harsh violence. For
Nemesis tried to escape him and liked not to lie in love with her
father Zeus the Son of Cronos; for shame and indignation vexed
her heart: therefore she fled him over the land and fruitless
dark water. But Zeus ever pursued and longed in his heart to
catch her. Now she took the form of a fish and sped over the
waves of the loud-roaring sea, and now over Ocean's stream and
the furthest bounds of Earth, and now she sped over the furrowed
land, always turning into such dread creatures as the dry land
nurtures, that she might escape him.'

Fragmento #9 -- Scholiast on Euripides, Andr. 898:
The writer (3) of the Cyprian histories says that (Helen's third
child was) Pleisthenes and that she took him with her to Cyprus,
and that the child she bore Alexandrus was Aganus.

Fragmento #10 -- Herodotus, ii. 117:
For it is said in the "Cypria" that Alexandrus came with Helen to
Ilium from Sparta in three days, enjoying a favourable wind and
calm sea.

Fragmento #11 -- Scholiast on Homer, Il. iii. 242:
For Helen had been previously carried off by Theseus, and it was
in consequence of this earlier rape that Aphidna, a town in
Attica, was sacked and Castor was wounded in the right thigh by
Aphidnus who was king at that time. Then the Dioscuri, failing
to find Theseus, sacked Athens. The story is in the Cyclic
writers.

Plutarch, Thes. 32:
Hereas relates that Alycus was killed by Theseus himself near
Aphidna, and quotes the following verses in evidence: `In
spacious Aphidna Theseus slew him in battle long ago for rich-
haired Helen's sake.' (4)

Fragmento #12 -- Scholiast on Pindar, Nem. x. 114:
(ll. 1-6) `Straightway Lynceus, trusting in his swift feet, made
for Taygetus. He climbed its highest peak and looked throughout
the whole isle of Pelops, son of Tantalus; and soon the glorious
hero with his dread eyes saw horse-taming Castor and athlete
Polydeuces both hidden within a hollow oak.'

Philodemus, On Piety:
(Stasinus?) writes that Castor was killed with a spear shot by
Idas the son of Aphareus.

Fragmento #13 -- Athenaeus, 35 C:
`Menelaus, know that the gods made wine the best thing for mortal
man to scatter cares.'

Fragment #14 -- Laurentian Scholiast on Sophocles, Elect. 157:
Either he follows Homer who spoke of the three daughters of
Agamemnon, or -- like the writer of the "Cypria" -- he makes them
four, (distinguishing) Iphigeneia and Iphianassa.

Fragmento #15 -- (5) Contest of Homer and Hesiod:
`So they feasted all day long, taking nothing from their own
houses; for Agamemnon, king of men, provided for them.'

Fragmento #16 -- Louvre Papyrus:
`I never thought to enrage so terribly the stout heart of
Achilles, for very well I loved him.'

Fragmento #17 -- Pausanias, iv. 2. 7:
The poet of the "Cypria" says that the wife of Protesilaus --
who, when the Hellenes reached the Trojan shore, first dared to
land -- was called Polydora, and was the daughter of Meleager,
the son of Oeneus.

Fragmento #18 -- Eustathius, 119. 4:
Some relate that Chryseis was taken from Hypoplacian (6) Thebes,
and that she had not taken refuge there nor gone there to
sacrifice to Artemis, as the author of the "Cypria" states, but
was simply a fellow townswoman of Andromache.

Fragmento #19 -- Pausanias, x. 31. 2:
I know, because I have read it in the epic "Cypria", that
Palamedes was drowned when he had gone out fishing, and that it
was Diomedes and Odysseus who caused his death.

Fragmento #20 -- Plato, Euthyphron, 12 A:
`That it is Zeus who has done this, and brought all these things
to pass, you do not like to say; for where fear is, there too is
shame.'

Fragmento #21 -- Herodian, On Peculiar Diction:
`By him she conceived and bare the Gorgons, fearful monsters who
lived in Sarpedon, a rocky island in deep-eddying Oceanus.'

Fragmento #22 -- Clement of Alexandria, Stromateis vii. 2. 19:
Again, Stasinus says: `He is a simple man who kills the father
and lets the children live.'


ENDNOTES:

(1) The preceding part of the Epic Cycle (?).
(2) While the Greeks were sacrificing at Aulis, a serpent appeared and devoured eight young birds from their nest and lastly the mother of the brood. This was interpreted by Calchas to mean that the war would swallow up nine full years. Cp. "Iliad" ii, 299 ff.
(3) i.e. Stasinus (or Hegesias: cp. fr. 6): the phrase `Cyprian histories' is equivalent to "The Cypria".
(4) Cp. Allen "C.R." xxvii. 190.
(5) These two lines possibly belong to the account of the feast given by Agamemnon at Lemnos.
(6) sc. the Asiatic Thebes at the foot of Mt. Placius.

Página criada em:
 16 de julho de 2007
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